Historical and cultural problems of northern countries and regions ¹ 1 (25), 2014
Historical and cultural problems
of northern countries and regions
Scientific articles
The objects of “private devotion” XII - XVII centuries
(beginning of Orthodoxy Church on the European north-east)
Klenov M.V.1
The article considers the collection objects of “private devotion” found during excavations of archaeological sites XII-XVII centuries on the European north-east. The analysis finds allows considered Christianization as a historical process - from the first acquaintance with the ideas of Christianity in XII-XIII centuries, the formation of the church organization and the establishment of Orthodoxy in the XV century.
Keywords: archeology, European north-east, objects of Christian cult, Orthodox Church, baptismal crosses, objects of “private devotion”.
1Researcher. Institute of Language, Literature and History of Komi Science Center of the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Russia, Syktyvkar, Kommunisticheskaia str., 26, 167000.
E-mail: klenov_mv@mail.ru
References
1. Klenov M. Pohjois-Venajan kristillistaminen. Komista loydetyn arkeologisen aineiston valossa. Aamun koitto, 1996, no. 12, pp. 22-23.
2. Alekseev V.P., Loboda P.G. Katalog sobranija. Odesskij muzej numizmatiki. T. 4: Melkaja plastika Kievskoj Rusi X-XIII vv. [Catalogue of the Collection / Odessa Numismatics Museum. Vol. 4: Small plastic of Kievan Rus X-XIII centuries]. Odessa, Polis Publ., 2005, 104 p.
3. Artem'ev A.R. Goroda i ostrogi Zabaikal'ia i Priamur'ia vo vtoroi polovine XVII-XVIII vv. [Cities and forts of the Zabaikalye and of the Amur Region in the second half of the XVII-XVIII centuries]. Vladivostok, 1999, 336 p.
4. Belen'kaia D.A. Kresty i ikonki iz kurganov Podmoskov'ia [Crosses and icons of the mounds near Moscow]. Sovetskaia arkheologiia [Soviet archeology], 1976, no. 4, pp. 89-99.
5. Gnutova S.V., Zotova E.Ia. Kresty, ikony, skladni. Mednoe khudozhestvennoe lit'e XI - nachala XX veka. Iz sobraniia Tsentral'nogo muzeia drevnerusskoi kul'tury i iskusstva imeni Andreia Rubleva. Al'bom. [Crosses, icons, folding icons. Copper art casting XI - beginning of XX century. From the collection of the Central Museum of Ancient Russian Culture and Art named Andrei Rublev. Album] Moscow, 2000, 127 p.
6. Zakharov S.V. Drevnerusskii gorod Beloozero [Ancient Russian city Beloozero]. Moscow, 2004, 592 p.
7. Igushev A.R., Klenov M.V., Savel'eva E.A. Osadnye gorodki XV-XVII vv. na territorii Komi kraia [Siege towns XV-XVII centuries on the territory of the Komi Republic]. Nauchnyi doklad Komi NTs UrO RAN [Scientific report of Komi Scientific Center of UB RAS]. Syktyvkar, 2000, no. 423, 28 p.
8. Klenov M.V. Predmety khristianskogo kul'ta v Permi Vychegodskoi [Objects of Christian cult in Perm Vychegodskaya]. Rodniki parmy [Springs of the uplands]. Syktyvkar, 1996, no. 4, pp. 13-17
9. Klenov M.V. Srednevekovye poseleniia Evropeiskogo Severo-Vostoka. Novye materialy raskopok [Medieval settlements of the European North-East. The new materials of excavations]. Permskie finny: arkheologicheskie kul'tury i etnosy (Materialy I Vserossiiskoi nauchnoi konferentsii) [Permian Finns: archaeological cultures and ethnicities (Proc. 1st All-Russ. Sci. Conf.)]. Syktyvkar, 2007, pp. 145-152
10. Kolpakova Iu.V. Khristianskie drevnosti naseleniia Pskova i Pskovskoi zemli kontsa X–XVIII vv.: predmety lichnogo blagochestiia. Diss. kand. ist. nauk: 07.00.06 [Christian antiquities of the population of Pskov and Pskov land at the end of X-XVIII centuries: the objects of personal piety. PhD. hist. sci. diss.]. Pskov, 2007, 260 p. Available at: http://www.dissercat.com/content/khristianskie-drevnosti-naseleniya-pskova-i-pskovskoi-zemli-kontsa-x-xviii-vv-predmety-lichn (accessed 9 April 2014)
11. Korzukhina G.F. Russkie klady [Russian treasures]. Moscow – Leningrad, 1954, 158 p.
12. Korshun V.E. Rodnaia starina. Obretaia utrachennoe [Native olden time. Finding the lost]. Moscow, 2008, 112 p.
13. Kukolevskaia O.S. Mednoe khudozhestvennoe lit'e Krasnosel'skoi volosti Kostromskoi gubernii kontsa XIX – pervoi chetverti XX. Istoriia i traditsii [Copper art casting of Krasnoselskaia volost of the Kostroma province of the end XIX - the first quarter of XX. History and tradition]. Russkoe mednoe lit'e [Russian copper casting]. 1993, no. 1, pp. 71-75.
14. Kutasov S.N., Seleznev A.B. Natel'nye kresty, krestovkliuchennye i krestovidnye podveski [Pectoral crosses and cross pendants]. Moscow, Gruppa «Iskateli» Publ., 2010, 320 p.
15. Lesman Iu.M. Khronologiia iuvelirnykh izdelii Novgoroda [The chronology of jewelry of Novgorod]. Materialy po arkheologii Novgoroda 1988 [Materials on the archeology of Novgorod 1988]. Moscow, 1990, pp. 29-98.
16. Makarov N.A. Kolonizatsiia severnykh okrain Drevnei Rusi v XI – XIII vekakh. Po materialam pamiatnikov na volokakh Belozer'ia i Poonezh'ia [Colonization of the northern outskirts of Ancient Rus XI - XIII centuries. According to the materials on the monuments and portages of the Lake Beloe region and areas near the river Onega]. Moscow, «Skriptorii» Publ., 1997. 386 p.
17. Mongait A.L. Raboty Riazanskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii v 1966-1970 gg. [The works of the Ryazan archaeological expedition in the 1966-1970 period.]. Arkheologiia Riazanskoi zemli [Archaeology of the Ryazan land]. Moscow, 1974, pp. 5-18.
18. Musin A.E. Stanovlenie pravoslaviia v Karelii (XII-XVI vv.) [The formation of Orthodoxy in Karelia (XII-XVI centuries)]. Riabininskie chteniia [Ryabininskie reading]. Petrozavodsk, 1997. Available at: http://www.k2000.ru/chist/ (accessed 9 April 2014)
19. Musin A.E. Khristianskie drevnosti srednevekovoi Rusi IX - XIII vv. (po materialam pogrebal'nykh pamiatnikov na territorii Novgorodskoi zemli). Avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata istoricheskikh nauk [Christian antiquity of medieval Russia IX - XIII centuries (based on funerary monuments on the territory of Novgorod Land). Author's abstract of PhD (Hist.) dissertation].St. Peterburg, 1997, 29 p.
20. Musin A.E. O rasprostranenii Khristianstva v Drevnei Rusi IX-XIV vv. na osnove dannykh arkheologii i pis'mennykh istochnikov [On the propagation of Christianity in Rus IX-XIV centuries based on archaeological data and written sources]. Istoricheskii vestnik [The Historical bulletin], 2000, no. 6. Available at: http://www.sedmitza.ru/text/443949.html (accessed 9 April 2014)
21. Nechytajlo V.V. Katalog hrystyans'kyh nagrudnyh vyrobiv mystectva periodu Kyi'vs'koi' Rusi (X - persha polovyna XIII st.) [Catalogue of christian breast wares art Kyivan Rus period (X - first half XIII c.)]. Kyev, 2000, 94 p.
22. Savel'eva E.A., Malyshev N.P. Chabrovskoe gorodishche [Chabrovskaya settlement]. Arkheologicheskie pamiatniki Pechory, Severnoi Dviny i Mezeni. Materialy po arkheologii Evropeiskogo Severo-Vostoka [Archaeological monuments of the Pechora, Northern Dvina and Mezen. Materials on the Archaeology of the European Northeast]. Syktyvkar, 1977, no. 6, pp. 68-80.
23. Savel'eva E.A. Petkoiskii mogil'nik [Petkoysky burial ground]. Pamiatniki epokhi kamnia i metalla Severnogo Priural'ia. Materialy po arkheologii Evropeiskogo Severo-Vostoka [Monuments of the epoch of stone and metal of the Northern Urals. Materialy po arkheologii Evropeiskogo Severo-Vostoka]. Syktyvkar, 1988, no. 11, pp. 101-121.
24. Savel'eva E.A., Klenov M.V. Drevnerusskaia kolonizatsiia Evropeiskogo Severo-Vostoka (XI - XIV vv. n. e.) [Ancient Russian colonization of the European North-East (XI - XIV centuries AD)]. Arkheologiia Respubliki Komi [Archaeology of the Komi Republic]. Moscow, 1997, pp. 651- 691.
25. Sedova M.V. Iuvelirnye izdeliia drevnego Novgoroda [Jewelry of ancient Novgorod]. Moscow, 1981, 198 p.
26. Sedova M.V. Iaropolch Zalesskii [Yaropolch Zaleski]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1978, 158 p.
27. Staniukovich A.K. Proizvedeniia russkoi srednevekovoi metalloplastiki iz okrugi Zvenigoroda (novye otkrytiia) [Russian artworks of medieval metal plastic from the neighborhood of Zvenigorod (new discoveries)]. Vestnik kluba "Raritet" [Bulletin of the club "Rarity"], 2000, no. 1.
28. Staniukovich A.K., Osipov I.N., Solov'ev N.M. Tysiacheletie kresta. Proizvedeniia russkoi khristianskoi metalloplastiki X-XX vv. iz chastnykh sobranii [The Millenium of the cross. Russian Artworks Christian metal plastic X-XX centuries from private collections]. Moscow, 2003, 62 p.
29. Uvarov A.S. Katalog sobraniia drevnostei. Otd. VIII-IX [Catalogue of the Collection of Antiquities. Dep. VIII-IX]. Moscow, 1908, 219 p.
30. Fedorov Iu.A. Obraz Kresta: istoriia i simvolika pravoslavnykh nagrudnykh krestov [Image of the Cross: history and symbolism of the Orthodox pectoral crosses]. St. Petersburg, Ivan Fedorov Publ., 2000, 112 p.
31. Khanenko B.I., Khanenko V.N. Drevnosti Russkie. Kresty i obrazki [Russian antiquity. Crosses and icons]. Kiev, 1899, vol. 1, 2.
At a reprint of the original materials is obligatory reference to the
"Historical and cultural problems of northern countries and regions"
